International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications (IJCNA)

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ISSN : 2395-0455

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International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications (IJCNA)

International Journal of Computer Networks and Applications (IJCNA)

Published By EverScience Publications

ISSN : 2395-0455

Secretary Bird Optimization with Differential Evolution (SBODE) and Trust Energy Aware Clustering Routing (TREACR) Protocol for Wireless Sensor Network (WSN)

Author NameAuthor Details

Amsaveni Manigandan, M. Saranya

Amsaveni Manigandan[1]

M. Saranya[2]

[1]Department of Computer Science, P. K. R Arts College for Women, Gobichettipalayam, Tamil Nadu, India.

[2]Department of Computer Science, P.K.R. Arts College for Women, Gobichettipalayam, Tamil Nadu, India.

Cite this Article

DOI: 10.22247/ijcna/2025/19

Pages : 291-306

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Abstract

In Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs), nodes with limited battery power transmit data to a Base Station (BS). Ensuring security and Energy Efficiency (EE) is crucial, but traditional protocols lack a balanced approach. This study introduces the Trust Energy Aware Clustering Routing (TREACR) protocol to enhance energy efficiency and secure Data Transmission (DT). TREACR selects Cluster Heads (CHs) using Secretary Bird Optimisation with Differential Evolution (SBODE), extending Network Lifetime (NL) through efficient energy distribution. The SBODE algorithm and fitness measure effectively detect attacks, optimizing CH Election (CHE) based on mobility, latency, energy, trust, and CH distance. The TREACR protocol employs a Dynamic Trust (DT) model to assess node behavior using Wormhole (WH), flooding, Black Hole (BH), Sink Hole (SH), and Grey Hole (GH) probabilities. Evaluation results demonstrate TREACR’s effectiveness in improving Packet Delivery Ratio, Packet Loss Rate, NL, Residual Energy (RE), and End-to-End Delay (E2ED).

Index Terms

Wireless Sensor Network

Secretary Bird Optimization

Trust Energy Aware Clustering

Routing

Trust Model

Security

Optimization

Energy Efficiency

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